中国稻米

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不同施肥处理对“稻花香”食味的影响

  1. 1 天津农学院 农学与资源环境学院,天津 300384;2 黑龙江五常市水到渠成水稻种植专业合作社,黑龙江 五常 150299;
  • 出版日期:2016-11-20 发布日期:2016-11-20
  • 通讯作者: 刘建
  • 基金资助:

    天津市自然科学基金(13JCYBJC 39700)

Influence of Different Fertilization Treatment on Eating Taste of Rice Variety Daohuaxiang

  • Online:2016-11-20 Published:2016-11-20

摘要:

以“稻花香”为供试材料,研究了不同施肥处理(T1,常规处理;T2,豆饼处理;T3,豆饼+麦饭石处理)对稻米食味品质的影响。结果表明,T3处理的整精米率高于T1和T2处理,垩白粒率表现为T3>T2>T1,而碎米率表现为T3<T2<T1。从稻米的成分来看,蛋白质含量表现为T1>T2>T3的倾向,3种处理的直链淀粉含量无显著差异,T3处理的评分极显著高于T1和T2处理,T1和T2处理间差异不显著。淀粉糊化特性方面,最高粘度表现为T2>T3>T1,崩解值表现为T3>T2>T1,而消减值表现为T3<T2<T1。品尝试验中,3个处理在米饭外观上的差异不明显,T2、T3处理的香气与T1处理存在显著差异,T2、T3处理的综合评价值极显著高于T1处理。T2处理的味道、粘度和硬度与T1处理差异不显著,而T3处理的味道和粘度与T1处理存在显著差异。

关键词: 水稻, 施肥, 食味, 食味特性值

Abstract:

Taking “Daohuaxiang” as material, using three kinds of fertilization treatment, namely conventional treatment(T1), fermented soybean cake (T2), fermented soybean cake + maifan stone(T3). The results showed that the head rice rate of T3 treatment was significantly higher than that of T1 and T2 treatment, The chalky rice rate was T3>T2>T1, but the broken rice rate was T3<T2<T1. The protein content showed a trend of T1>T2>T3, the amylose content was no significant difference among three treatments, the score of T3 was significantly higher than that of T1 and T2 treatment, but the difference between T2 and T1 treatment was not significant. In terms of starch pasting properties,the peak viscosity was T2>T3>T1, the breakdown was T3>T2>T1, on the contrary, the setback showed a trend of T3<T2<T1. The results of sensory test indicated that there was no significance among three treatments on cooking rice appearance. Compared with T1 treatment, the aroma and comprehensive evaluation of T2 or T3 treatment were significantly or very significantly higher. There was no significant difference between T2 and T1 treatment at taste, viscosity and hardness, but there were significant difference between T1 and T3 treatment at flavor and viscosity.

Key words: rice, fertilization, eating taste, palatability

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